Electromagnetic apparatus



' June 5, 1923,Y 1,4575'19 G. FUSSNER ELECTROMAGNTIC APPARATUS Filed -July '7. 1920 Patented June 5, 1919.3u

- GEORGE FUSSNER, OE' MENOMINEE? M.

@EFF l PATENT Application filed July 7,

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE Fussnnu7 a citizen of the Republic of Germany, and resident of Menominee, in the county kof Menominee and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Electromagnetic Apparatus, of which the following is a specilication.

My present invention relates to electromagnetic apparatus and with regard to the more specific features thereof to electromagnetic telegraph relays.

An object of the invention is to provide a construction of the above type which shall be relatively cheap and compact in construction and reliable and efiicient in action.

According to one of the features of my invention the standard for carrying` the electromagnet coil structure and the support for carryingthe stationary relay contact are disposed at opposite ends of said coil structure or cores and are of such simple shape that they can be and preferably are mad from brass stampings.

According to another feature of the invention the core or cores of the electromagnet are employed for conductingthe current to the contact-carrying support, eliminating; the need for separate elements for this purpose and dispensing` with insulation elements otherwise required.

According to another feature of the invention the electrical contact-carrying sup port is preferably mounted in contact with the solenoids and upon the proj ectingl end the core struct-ure and to secure a short gap the armature is pivoted in proximity to said core ends, the interference resultingfrom the combined lengths of the coope ing contacts on the support andthe ture being avoided by forming the armature with a deflection of appro-p ate extent, away from the support.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings. in which:

' Fig. l is a plan View of the relay,

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof7 Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 27

Fig. 4 is an end elevation viewed 'trom the left end in Fig. 2, and;

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through one of the coils of the electromaguet.

Referring now to the drawings there shown a base l preferably of wood mounted serial No. essie?.

upon a metallic supporting` frame 2. A stamped or sheet brass standard 3 has a foot l secured to the base by screws as at 5 and an upstanding leg 6 to which the electromagnet unit T is secured. rEhe. unit 7 preferably comprises a magnetic cross bar or piece 3 to which are secured preferably by screws as at 9 in parallel relation the magnetic cores l0. The cross-piece 3 is centrally secured to the opstanding; les' G of the standard preferably by a pair or screws 12. The electromagnetic coils or solenoids 13 encircle the cores with the insulating disks le at one end thereof against the cross-piece 8, liber sleeves l5 beingpreferably interposed between the cores and the solenoids to insulate the samev trom each other. rEhe cores project at their tree ends for the usual small distance as at ll beyond the dislrs le on the solenoids. These projections. however, are preferably utilized an anchor for the contact-carryir support C which is preferably formed trom a generally T-shaped sheet brass stamping. By preference the head 17 of the T-shaped blank is provided with a pair of symmetrically arranged circular openings i8 spaced from each other by the same distance as the cores l0 and the contact-carryiner suoport is forced at said openings over th pri)- jecting` ends ll of the cores and against-the adjacent end disks le of the soleiioids. By preference the core ends are lrnurled as shown at 19 to form secure frictional conection. T he contact-carrying` support thus, besides its primary function aids to maintain the solenoids against sliding; movement alongthe cores and also prevents shifting of the core ends towards or from each other.

It will be seen that there is a direct metal to metal contact between cores l0 and standard 3 at one end and between said cores and the contact-carryingsupport C at the other end, for a purpose which will appear fully below.

The shank 20 of the 'lf-shaped contact supporting' blank entends upwardly away from the base. and has a reversely bent end. 2l, the bend being' rounded so that the upper end of the support is tl-shaped. The usual adjustable stationary contact 22 is formed on the end of the usual screw 23, there beingr a lock nut 2d threaded upon the screw and abutting the side of the support opposite the contact to loci; said screw in position corresponding to the adjustment of contact 20. The usual insulating stop member is similarly termed upon the end ot e sinnlar screw passing through the reversely bent end 2l and similarly locked in place.

rllhe armature is shown at 26 and preterably con'iprises a unitary steel piece hayVH inge' a body portion extending)` the width between the two cores. The fermeture is pivoted to the base by means of a pair of pointed screws 2T extending` through metallic stundarcs upon the base and contactiugA the feet ot the armature. At tl e upper Yend the armature has an integral central upwardly projectinfgv tongue 16 through which preterably extends a metallic pin 30. rlhe part 30 et pin 30 on the side of the tongue adjacent the contact 22 constitutes the movable content ot the relay and the part 302 oit seid pin on the side adjacent the stop cooperates with said stop serving to limit distance by which the re tracting` coil spring 31 can separate the armature from tie core The coil spring is connected to the Lliure by ineens oit the usual staple 32 nd to the base by a means ot e rotateible head ,l pin 38 by wlich the tel sion oit he spring can be adpisted in he well known manner.

L the solenoids the air gap ne between e core ends and the :armature is prefer ily small thereby producing` the desirable and. ellicient sho circuit ol low reluctance. l"'ili'di the contact-carrying` support C mounted upon the n'ojectiiugends oie the cores described and witl the short air gap referred to? the distance between seid support and the armature is ordinarily less than the com ed lengths ot the stationary Contact Q id movable contact C30. To avoid interference between the contacts,

'raoly employ the simple expedient .me a double bend in the lree tongue olf the aiansiture. thus distact laterally sway body ot the armature :ind from the Aouai-y contactn und producing); the reend r p posing` tie movable co from the quired clemence. ihusr l produce a more compnet., cheaper and more voient con- -uld be possiole, Yfor in* stair'e ieaiure isere secured to :i seoY contact-cnrryinp' leiser l lt a nistf: trom the core ends riester `thun the aii i.

u A to torin the detlection 'n the tongue 1G ot the the ll C@ @lf i o arn'iuture saine could the :ituriu oi support or in botn suriort.

iioiined in the nature and the pi' ierablj :irrnn@ d tnat the cc, surface oi" Contact Q2 is vertically above pirot oi the rinature, so that in operation there will be substantislly a tace to face engagement beween the adjoining surfaces ol contacts 22 and 30.

rlhe terminal posts oi? the. relay unit are arranged in the usual manner, the two posts 36 and 37 tor the energizing rurrent being connected by conductors not shown to the terminals ot the two solenoids 13 which are connected in series as at B8. 'lhe terminals of the relay circuit are shown at 39 and dit the current iriassinfr troni terminal tlf) by wey of a conductor not shown to one ot the tastening screws for the standurivi fl and by wey ot said standard and the cross bar l through the two cores l() in parallel, thence through the contact-carrying support C to the contact 22 and through the inovuhle rontact successively to arniature QG, conductor and standard 2S, und troni the latter through :i conductor not shown to the other relay terminal 40.

n iny construction the standard El und the contact carrying support C are ot such simple terms that they can readily he stamped trom sheet brass, the cores ol: the electromagnet per'forming` not only their magnetic Yfunction but noting' as low resistance electrical conductors tor passing the current from the standard' to the Contact carrying' support. lWhere the cores are not utilized tor carrying. the relay current but an integral brass portion connects the stundzu'd part El at `e end ot the solenoids:y to the contact carrying si'ipport I7 the opposite end, such integral construction ol" standarch contact support :ind connecting" clement so complex in shape that in greneral it would have to be cast and then linished at an expense considerably grreuter than that involved in the construction shown, apart trom the consideration that such construction wouliil require n materially greater quantity ot metal. Y l' lt will be understood that certain of the features ot my .invention are applicable to a broad range ot electromagneticaiiparutus other than the telegraph rola-ys to which the invention has its preferred api'ilieation. ',lhe feature, for instance, olz mounting the con; tact-carrying' support upon the projecting; end oi" the core or cores :ind preserving the etliciency oir the magnetic circuit without other coniiilieetions by the simple expedient shown of providingy a bend inthe armature is of broad application to eleetronnugnetic aliiparatus generally.

By utilizingv the usual projeetinggl ends oi" the cores to carry the contact-carrying support7 l" simplify and cheapen the construetion us compared with arrangements in which said support is not secured to the eleotronfiagnet. By mounting; the solenoid construction upon a supportingstandard at the end opposite the armature und mounting the contact-carrying` support upon the solenoid to extend upwardly therefrom, there is ample space left upon the base adjace'nt the core end to render possible the pivoting of the armature in close proximity to the core ends for producing the short air gap and the consequent efficient magnetic circuit which could be secured only with diiii culty if at all, it the supporting standard and Athe contact-carrying support were both at the same side of the electromagnetic unit as the armature.

1t will be seen that the contact carrying support extends in the space between the coil means and the armature without adding to the reluctance of the magnetic circuit.

It will thus be seen that there is herein described apparatus in which the several features of this invention are embodied, and which apparatus in its action attains the various objects of the invention and is well suited to meet the requirements of practical use.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely diiferent embodiments of this inven- 'tion could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim l. 1n electromagnetic apparatus ot' the type comprising a base, a standard secured thereon, electromagnetic :coil means supported at one end by said standard, extending parallel to said base and having core means projecting beyond the opposite end thereof, and an armature pivoted to said base and extending adjacent said latter end and at right angles to the axis of said coil means and carrying a contact; the combination therewith of a nonmagnetic element supported by the end of said coil means and carrying a Contact complementary to that on said armature, said element extending in the space between said coil means and said armature without adding to the reluctance of the magnetic circuit.

2. The combination in a relay, of a base, a standard secured thereon, electromagnetic coil means supported at one end by said Standard and extending parallel to said base. an armature pivotally mounted upon said base and extending substantially at right angles thereto and adjacent the opposite end of said coil means, a contact-carrying support carried by the end of said coil means and interposed therebetween and said armature and extending at right angles to said base, and a contact on said armature adapted to engage the contact on said support.

3. The combination in a relay of a base, a standard secured thereon, an electromagnet comprising a pair of cores parallel to said base mounted upon said standard and projecting to one side thereof, solenoids surrounding said cores, a contact-carrying support secured to the ends of said cores remote from said standard, and an armature pivoted to said base and having a contact portion cooperating with the contact on said support.

4. The combination in a relay oi' a base, a standard secured thereon, an electromagnet comprising a pair of cores parallel to and equidistant from said base, mounted upon said standard and projecting to one side thereof, solenoids surrounding said cores, a non-magnetic contact carrying support secured to said projecting ends of the cores and extending away 'from said base, and an armature pivoted to said base and having a contact portion cooperating with the contact on said support.

5. The combination in a relay oie a base, a sheet metal standard secured thereon, an electromagnet comprising a pair of cores, a cross bar connecting` said cores and constituting part ot' the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet, means securing said cross bar to said standard, a pair of solenoids surrounding said cores and adjacent said cross bar at one end, the ends of said cores opposite said cross bar projecting from the ends of said solenoids, a sheet metal contact-carrying support having` a transverse portion secured to said core ends, said contact-carrying support extending upwardly from said cores, 'and an armature pivoted to said base and having a contact portion cooperatingej with the contact on said support.

6. The combination in a relay, of a base, an electromagnet comprising a pair o1 cores. a magnetic cross piece connecting said cores and secured thereto, and a pair of solenoids surrounding said cores with one end adja cent said cross-piece, a sheet metal standard supporting said electromagnet upon said base`r said standard comprising a vertical portion secured to said cross-piece, and a horizontal portion extending from said vertical portion in a direction opposite to that ot said'cores and secured to said base, said cores projecting beyond the ends of said solenoids remote "from said standard` a sheet metal contact-carrying support provided with openings embracing the projecting ends of the cores with a friction lit, said support extending upwardly from said cores and having its free end extending downwardly, an armature pivoted to said base adjacent said projecting core ends and having an integral tongue at its upper end extending between the upwardly and downwardly extending support portions, and a contact upon said tongue aligned to cooperate with the con tact upon said support.

7. The combination in a relav ot a base` a non-magnetic metallic standard secured thereto, a magnetic core secured to said Standard in electrical contact therewitln a solenoid surrounding said core, carried there by and electrically insulated therefrom, a non-magnetic metallic contact-carrying- Sin-,-- port carried by the end ot said core, and an armature pivoted to said base adjacent Said core end and having a contact adapted to cooperate with the contact on said support.

8. The combination in a rela-y` of a base, a non-magneitic stamped metal standard mounted upon sai-d base, an electromagnet comprising' a in' ietic crocs niece, a air oit parallel magnetic cores secnred theretoy and a pair ot solenoide encircling said core, carried thereby and insulated theretroin, metallic means securing said cross-piece to said standard with Said cores pa 'allel to Said and equidis'tant therefrom, a @heet metal non magnetic contact carrying Support `forced over the projecting` ends o'll Said corea and electrically connected therewithLU and an armature pivoted to Said base and having` a contact cooperating); with the contact on said support.

9. In electromagnetic apparatua in ccmbination a solenoid a core extending' therethrough and proj ectinp; beyond an end thereof, a non-magnetic contact-carryineA snjniort having an opening therein through which the projecting' core end extends 'tor carrying` Said supportD an armature adjacent and substantially parallel to said core end and cai'- rying' a contact 'tor cooperation with the contact on said enppora/ one ot Said Support and armature having' an offset port-ien at the contact-carrying' portion to prevent interference between said contacts.

l0. rllhe combination in a relay` ol' an electromagnet including a core and a solenoid eurroundingr the same7 said core projectingr beyond an end et' Said solenoid.l a contactcarrying support having' an openinc' iittinp; over said projecting' core end, said support extending at right angles to said core. an armature pivoted adjacent said core said armature carrying' near its jfree end a contacit adapted to coact with the contact on Said supportA` the combined lengths ot the contacts between the Support and the armature being` greater than the distance ot said arma-ture from Said support one oit Said Support and armature being;V deilected away from the other at the region adjacent the contacts to avoid interference between said contacts.

ll. The combination ot claim 9 in which the contacting snrface ot Said Support contact is substantially in the plane in which said armature is pivotod,

l2 The combination in a reiayr olf a hasta a standard mounted thereon1 an electrenntev net comprising a core secured to said Standard7 and parallel to said base7 a solenoid Surrounding Said core, said core projecting l eyond an end ot said Solenoid, a contact-caryir j Support having an opening` litted over ai projecting' core end and secured theretoI` ,support extending;` upwardly 'from Said an armature pivotcd to said baec ad JNMcent said core end and carrying at its lree end a contact adapted to coact with the contact on Said support, Said arn'iatnre hzuing' a double bend acjacent said tree end to dispose said contact laterally olI the main portion of maid arniatnre, and to the side thereof away 'troni the contact en the Support.

fili ln electroinagjgnetic apparatus7 in combination,y a corei ilenoid surronndingr 'the naine, said core j n'ojcctinc' beyond said Sole* noid at one endt a Sheet inetal contact-cac. ryinfg; support having; an opening litted over ,said projecting;` end and secured thereto7 Said :nipperteiitendinn' at rifrht angles to Sai-:l core and hai/'ingr a rerernely extending ll- Shaped end, a armature pivo'ed adjacent support, eaio Support having' a contact Ythe len' ol the "Ll-shaped end firent the core, and an ineulatinc` Stop portion npon the other leg', the tree end oi" said arn'iatnre extending between said leggi; and carrying` a contact for cooperation with contact on eaid support, said arinature ar il double bend to dispone the contact carrying portion substantially parallel to the niain portion thereof away 'from said con. factcarrying lee' and toward Said Stop carn "ne" leo; thereof.

lll*A The combination ol claim 7 in which the armatnrc ie piroted to the base adjacent said contact-carrying Snpport, in which the combined lengthe ol the contacts between the support and the armature is; `greater than the distance between said elements` and in which the end ol the armature is oil greatly reduced width and bent away 'trein said Support.

lo. The combination :in a relay o'l" a base7 an electromagnet comprising' a pair of cores and a pair of solenoids surroundingV Saifl cc e` Said cores; projecting' beyond the ende el eaid eolienoids, and a contact carrying Support provided with openings embracing the projecting' ends oli the cores with a lfriction fit, whercl'iy Said corea serve to rigidly mount said Support, and whereby said Support serves to maintain the adjacent ends oi' the cores against displacement relative to each other.

i6. rlibe combination in a relay` of a base, an electron' ignet comprieinpr a pair ot' cores, a magnetic cross-piece connecting said cores d secured thereto, and a. pair of Solenoid; l'olllfllllf Said cores with one end ad: e cent said c:'oeeupieee/` a sheet metal standard Supporting Said electroinagnet on said base1 said Standard comprising' a vertical portier secured to said cross-piece, and a horizontal portion extending from said vertical portion in a direction 'opposite to that 'ot' eaid d Said loo cores and secured to said base, said Cores proj eating beyond the ends of said solenoids re mote from said standard, an armature pivoted to Suid base adjacent said projecting core ends, a Contact carrying support provided With openings embracing the projectng ends of the core with a friction fit, seid support extending upwardly from said cores and having parts carried thereby extendingon opposite sides of said armature to 10 limit the movement thereof.

Signed at Menominee in the county of Menominee and State or Michigan this third day of July A. D. 1920.

GEORGE FUSSNER. 

